Operando odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as a promising tool for monitoring lithium-ion batteries during fast charging

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful technique for characterization of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). It has extensively been used in laboratory research, but seldom industrial applications, e.g., electrical vehicles (EVs). This because the latter needs EIS measurements during operation, achieving valid dynamic conditions long-lasting challenge. In this work, LiNi 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co O 2 (NMC622)/graphite are characterized by operando odd random phase (ORP-EIS) under practical usage conditions. The validity data quantitatively assessed based on robust theoretical framework ORP-EIS. measured reveals continuous evolution charge-transfer phenomena along changes state-of-charge (SoC). results consistent with conventional stationary data. Moreover, related parameters can be extracted through equivalent electric circuit models or graphical analysis methods from exhibit behavior various charging including different temperatures, C-rates, and state-of-health (SoH). As proof concept, ORP-EIS provides unique physical insights top current/voltage-based monitoring methods, could to monitor SoC fast charging. • Implementation batteries. EECM Graphical Using fast-charging applications. Identification SOA fast-charging.